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Estrogen receptor beta
Estrogen receptor beta (ER-β), also known as NR3A2 (nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group A, member 2), is one of two main types of estrogen receptor, a nuclear receptor which is activated by the sex hormone estrogen. In humans, ER-β is encoded by the ''ESR2'' gene.
== Function ==
Estrogen receptor β is a member of the family of estrogen receptors and the superfamily of nuclear receptor transcription factors. The gene product contains an N-terminal DNA binding domain and C-terminal ligand binding domain and is localized to the nucleus, cytoplasm, and mitochondria. Upon binding to 17-β-estradiol, estriol or related ligands, the encoded protein forms homo-dimers or hetero-dimers with estrogen receptor α that interact with specific DNA sequences to activate transcription. Some isoforms dominantly inhibit the activity of other estrogen receptor family members. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been described, but the full-length nature of some of these variants has not been fully characterized.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=2100 )〕
ER-β may have anti-proliferative effects and therefore oppose the actions of ER-α in reproductive tissue. ER-β may also have an important role in adaptive function of the lung during pregnancy.
Estrogen receptor β is a potent tumor suppressor and plays a crucial role in many cancer types such as prostate cancer.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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